Producing matrices and color-screens therefrom



E l. KITSEE. PRODUCING MATRICES AND COLOR SCREENS THEREFROM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 1919.

E Patented July 5, 19210 mgwm ISIDOR KITSEE, 0F PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

rnonucnve MATRICES AND COLOR-SCREENS 'rI'rEaEFRoM.

Specification of Letterslatent.

Patented. July 5,1921.

Application filed May e, 1919. Serial No. 295,254.

To all whom it may concern:

I Be it known that I, IsIDoR Krrsnn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inProducing Matrices and Color-Screens Therefrom, of

which the following is a specification.

-My' invention relates \to an improvement in producing matrices forphotographic color screens.

My invention is applicable to the productionof color screens integralwith blanks for stationary work, which in the nature of the.

thing are of very restricted dimensions, but my invention also and morespecially contemplatesthe preparation-of matrices for moving picturefilms of desired length. I

am, aware that today comparatively small plates with integral colorscreens are produced, but such screens cannot be used for moving picturefilms for two reasons :firs t, on accountof thelr restricted area;second,

because'the figurations on them are of a di' mension too large forthe'magnification required in moving plcture work.

I am' also aware that diverse patents in claiming screens for movingpicture work,

describe means of tinting one or the other part with-differentcolors,but none of them describes or shows means to produce commerciallythe fine figu'rations on films of required length and thebestauthorities of today assert, that with'the present means it is inchanged in such a manner, that predeterimpossible to produce colorscreens integral with moving picture films .of'required minutecharacteristics. i

In producing color screens for photography, as is well known to persons.versed in the art, the fundamental necessity is, that the gelatin orlike colloidal film, the substratum fact carried by the celluloid shouldbe mined parts acquire a selective color afiinity. In moving picturework the great necessity is also present that the figurations should beof dimensions more minute -'than of the screens of still pictures oftoday.

When it is considered that every square inch of such film requires(assuming figura- "tions of one one-thousandth of an inch) the formationof about one million of such figurations and when it is considered thatthe average moving picture reel contains about.

twelve thousand square inches requiring easily be understood.

therefore about twelve billion fi'gurations,'the

magnitude of the proposition to produce a selectively colored gelatinfilm for moving picture work and the impossibility of producing suchfilms of required lengths-with these figurati'ons, by present daymethods can For the purpose of my invention, it is only necessaryto'produce by mechanical or manual means one line of such smallfigurations,

and to suggest to persons versed in the art,

"ready means toproduce this one line I would advise the followingprocedure -:--On a strip of the paper known in commerce as pin-point orcross-section paper of the desired dimensions, every part is coveredwith an opaque material such as india'ink, with theexception of everyalternate square of one line, so that v in reality we have an opaquedesign with only one line of transparent or translucentsquares, eachtransparent square followed by an opaque square, and, with the aid ofwell known means ,-.these squares can easily be photographlcally'reduced to the required minute-size of one one-thousandth of an inch oreven less. If the paper is not sufliciently v transparent or-translucentthe same mayfbe" treated with oil. Iwill now refer to theaccompanymgdrawing and in so doing will describe the method ofprocedure. But bej fore doing so it is necessary for me to state, thatfiguratlons in these drawings are of greater dimensions than inpractice, also that the sources of light may differ, andwhere necessityrequires different parts of thedevice should during-the time ofexposure'be in contact with eachother.

With this my invention, films as now usually produced, of a width offrom twenty to twenty-five inches may be employed to produce the matrixand then, films of the same width be'printed therefrom, but I will herethousandth of an inch, andthat the opaque 4 space between 83.0l1' 0f the,transparent squaresand the square adjoining is of exactly the-samedimension as the transparent square itself. Fig. 2 is a plan view of art100 what I call, the teinplet and it'is supposed substituted; 1represents the templet.

of a moving picture film provided with a sensitive emulsion. Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic view partially in section illustrating the method ofphotographing through the tem-. plot on the sensitized film. Fig. t is aplan view of the film after having gone through the photographic anddeveloping processes. In Fig. l, 1 is the templet as anentirety of which2 are the opaque and 3 the transparent-parts. In Fig. 2, 4 indicates thefilm as an entirety. 5 the celluloid support and 6 the sensitizedemulsion. In Fig 3. et indicates the film to be exposed, T, T the meansto move the film, 8 represents the dark. chamber, 9 the source of light,which is here shown as an are, but other sources of light can be Thefilm is supposed to travel in the direction of the arrow. In Fig. 4, 4indicates'as in former figures the film as an entirety and 10 the blacklines produced by the photographic action of the'light passing throughtl transparent spaces onto the sensitized emulsion.

These lines, showing as usual black after being developed correspondinreality in fineness to the transparent sections of the templet.

Films for moving picture work are usually made of about two hundred feetin length and it is therefore suggested that the matrixfilm should alsobe of the same length.

To prepare with the aid of this matrix, moving picture films adapted tobe tinted or colored with two colors I proceed as follows :Two solutionsare prepared, one solution containing a suitable dye v dissolved inwater, the other solution containing sodium bichromate or potassiumbichromate also dissolved in water. Both solutions are then intermixed.A solution containmg two thirds of a gram of the bichromate totwenty-eight c. c.- ofwater gave good results.

It is now supposed that the colors red and green are selected to producethe color screen proper. The bichromate solution should tlhereforecontain either the red or the green cye.

It is supposed that the green dye is selected as'the basic color. Thefilm. with its gelatin covering is immersed in this solution and leftthere for about 6 to 10 minutes. After this operation the film is driedand then subjected to sources of light with the inter-position of thematrix. It is well understood that the gelatin on those places whichwere exposed to the rays of light will harden and will become insolublein cold, water, whereas those placesscreened from the action of light bythe dark lines will remain in their normal condition and will swell upwhen immersed'in cold or tepid water. After due printing, the film isimmersed in water of abo it normal temperature or a few degreeshighenand after a few minutes immersion, the formerly protected pressuris equally distributed and not too greatith the raised lines, coloringthesame, but will leave the'depressed lines undisturbed. i

As the main purpose of this my invention is to produce matrices with theaid ofwhich moving picture films can, on a commercial scale and withlittle expense be prepared for the later processes of coloring, it isunnecessary for me to describe here more in detail the requiredproperties of dyes, to be useful for screen purposes.

T have in this specification only described and illustrated the methodand means for producing lines of required fineness, and it is supposedthat each line of one color succeeded by a line of a second color is notmore than one one-thousandth of an inch in width and each square of thetemplet should therefore not be more than a one-millionthpart of asquare inch. 7

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is w 1 The method of producing a color screenintegral with moving picture film which consists in first producing amatrix with the required fine lines with the aid of a one row -templet,printing therefrom "on a bichromate sensitized substratum, raising theprotected parts and coloring then selectively the substratum with atleast two colors.

2. The method 0f producing a color screen integral with moving picturefilm which consists in first produeinga matrix comprising lines ofrequired minute width on a properly sensitized film of desired length,exposing then a properly colored and bichromated substratum with theinterposition of said matrix to rays of light,

4. Iii the production of color screens for moving picture films thesteps which consist in producing a templet comprising only one row'ofminute figurations, carrying a properly sensitized film injuXta-position-or contact with said templet, causinglight rays toimpinge on themoving film through the transparent interstices of saidtemplet, developing and washing said film, sensitizing with a properbichromate and coloring a second film and photographically printing bycontact from said first film on said second film, whereby those parts ofthe second film screened from the rays of'light will remain unchangedand in their former condition and will readily discharge their color;discharging then the color from these unchanged parts and then coloringthese parts with a second color. a

5. In the-art of producing color screens integral with moving picturefilms the steps as follows, producing a one row templet of minutefigurations, producing photographically a matrix from said templet of agreater length than the templet itself, printing with the aid of'saidmatrix on a film sensitized with a proper bichromate and tinted with onecolor, clearing the color from the parts not affected by the light raysduring printe ing, and tinting the cleared parts with a sec- YISIDORKITSEE.

